4th World Conference on Business, Economics and Management, WCBEM
Quantitative characteristics of Information Society and ICT industry
in Latvia
Mara Gulbe
a
*
a
University of Latvia, Aspazijas blvd. 5, Riga LV1050, Latvia
Abstract
The article is devoted to statistical analysis of information and communication technology (ICT) industry in Latvia and the
development of Information Society in the country. On the basis of statistical data comparison of Latvia with other European
countries is made. This comparison shows that Latvia belongs to countries with very well developed Internet. On the other hand
the statistical data points on the fact that it is necessary to increase the awareness of population regarding possibilities offered by
using of ICT and e-Government.
© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Peer-review under responsibility of Academic World Research and Education Center.
Keywords: Information society, ICT industry,statistical data, statistical analysis, broadband Internet;
1. Introduction
Development of Information society is closely related to the progress in the development of ICT industry. A
successful evolution of ICT industry is one of prerequisites of the development of Information society as well as its
significant constituent part.
Statistics are an important element in describing of any sector of the economy. It helps to determine the level of
development in the country and the ranking ofthe country among others. The ICT sector in Latvia has developed
very rapidly during the last decade, and this explains the great interest in indicators characterising this development.
A key element in the ICT sector is the telecommunications sub-sector.
Ten years ago, when the concept of Information Society in Latvian started, most of the public perceived it as a
mystical theory.
* Mara Gulbe. Tel.: +37167034746;.
E-mail address: mara.gulbe@lu.lv
© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of Academic World Research and Education Center
683 Mara Gulbe / Procedia Economics and Finance 26 ( 2015 ) 682 – 687
Today, however, it is clear to almost everybody that the Information Society offers to us very many opportunities
inthe era of quick technological development.
A successful development of Information Society is possible only at the condition that all its components are
developed uniformly and simultaneously.
According to the European Commission’s (EC) programme eEurope2020 and theDigital Agenda for Europe the
general objectives for the development of society are:
x developing an economy which based on knowledge and innovation
x delivering sustainable economic and social benefitsfrom a digital single market which is based on fast and
ultra-fast internet and interoperable applications
In order to achieve these general objectives the following measures should be undertaken
x Opening up access to content
x Making online and cross border transactions straightforward
x Building digital confidence
x Reinforcing the single market for telecommunications services
x Enhancing interoperability through coordination
x Trust and security
x Guarantee universal broadband coverage with increasing speeds
x Open and neutral internet
x Enhancing digital literacy, skills and inclusion
x Sustainable healthcare and ICT-based support for dignified and independent living
x eGovernment services
2. Provision of broadband Internet
In order to achieve objectives set in the Digital Agenda for Europe one of the basic conditions is the availability
of the broadband Internet. Latviain this area in recent years has madea significant progress.
In Fig. 1 the dynamics of development of broad band Internet in Latvia is shown.
Fig. 1 Households with broadband access(% of households)
Source: Eurostat
Despite the quick development of broadband Internet withregard to its availability Latvia is not in the leading
positions in Europe. Its availability in Latvia is a little bit below the average EU27 level (Fig. 2)
684 Mara Gulbe / Procedia Economics and Finance 26 ( 2015 ) 682 – 687
Fig. 2 Households with broadband access(% of households), 2014
Source: Eurostat
When the availability of broadband Internet is compared to the availabilityof internet at all in Latvia, the
situation is a little bit worse. It is seen in Fig.3.
Fig. 3 Internet access at home, 2014
Source: Eurostat
685 Mara Gulbe / Procedia Economics and Finance 26 ( 2015 ) 682 – 687
However, if we compare the velocity of increase of Internet availability and usage during the last decade it is seen
that this velocity in Latvia, in other Baltic States as well in more developed European countries is approximately
equal.
Fig. 4 Internet access at home
Source: Eurostat
3. eGovernment services
The availability of Internet connection is an important indicator to use of eServices. One parameter which
characterises the level of development of Information Society is the digital communication of citizens with state
institutions. In this regard in Latvia in the last decade the quick development is observable. In Fig. 5 the comparison
of the two last years with regard to communication of Latvian citizens with the state and municipal institutions is
shown
Fig. 5 Individuals using the internet for interaction with public authorities by interaction types
Source: CSB of Latvia
686 Mara Gulbe / Procedia Economics and Finance 26 ( 2015 ) 682 – 687
The significant increase of amount of citizens which uses the Internet in order to communicate with state and
municipal institutions is seen. Almost two times decreases the amount of citizens which don’t use the digital
communication possibilities at all. In the process of digital communication an important role plays the network of
public libraries in Latvia. These libraries provide a free of charge use of computers and Internet for citizens. In Fig.
6 it is seenthat in this area (usage offree of charge Internet in public libraries) Latvian level 57% is above the EU
average level which 47%.
Fig. 6 Individuals using the internet for interaction with public authorities, 2014
Source: Eurostat
4. ICT industry
In order to achieve the objectives and services described above a significant role plays the development of ICT
industry. In Latvia the ICT industry has an important role in the development of national economy. In the year 2014
the part of ICT industry in GDP was 4.06 %. In the last years asit is seen from Fig. 7 this part has no increase but is
stable and is about 4 %.
Fig. 7 Percentage of the ICT sector on GDP
Source: CSB of Latvia
687 Mara Gulbe / Procedia Economics and Finance 26 ( 2015 ) 682 – 687
When compared with other European countries it isseen that Latvia with regard the part of ICT industry in GDP
cannot be highlighted among other European countries. However, the Latvian level can be considered as being good.
It is seen that for majority of European countries the partof ICT industry in GDP is in limits between 3% and 5%.
Fig. 8 Percentage of the ICT sector on GDP, 2010
Source: Eurostat
5. Conclusions
When compared with other European countries the conclusioncan be drawn that the indicators of development of
Information Society and ICT industry in Latvia are not the highest, however, the dynamics of these indicators show
an increasing tendency. This means that Latvian society and ICT industry are on the right way and this way should
be continued. With regard to dynamics of increase ofindicators characterising the development Information Society
and ICT industry Latvian level is comparable with other European countries
Quantitative characteristics of Information Society and ICT industry
in Latvia
Mara Gulbe
a
*
a
University of Latvia, Aspazijas blvd. 5, Riga LV1050, Latvia
Abstract
The article is devoted to statistical analysis of information and communication technology (ICT) industry in Latvia and the
development of Information Society in the country. On the basis of statistical data comparison of Latvia with other European
countries is made. This comparison shows that Latvia belongs to countries with very well developed Internet. On the other hand
the statistical data points on the fact that it is necessary to increase the awareness of population regarding possibilities offered by
using of ICT and e-Government.
© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Peer-review under responsibility of Academic World Research and Education Center.
Keywords: Information society, ICT industry,statistical data, statistical analysis, broadband Internet;
1. Introduction
Development of Information society is closely related to the progress in the development of ICT industry. A
successful evolution of ICT industry is one of prerequisites of the development of Information society as well as its
significant constituent part.
Statistics are an important element in describing of any sector of the economy. It helps to determine the level of
development in the country and the ranking ofthe country among others. The ICT sector in Latvia has developed
very rapidly during the last decade, and this explains the great interest in indicators characterising this development.
A key element in the ICT sector is the telecommunications sub-sector.
Ten years ago, when the concept of Information Society in Latvian started, most of the public perceived it as a
mystical theory.
* Mara Gulbe. Tel.: +37167034746;.
E-mail address: mara.gulbe@lu.lv
© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of Academic World Research and Education Center
683 Mara Gulbe / Procedia Economics and Finance 26 ( 2015 ) 682 – 687
Today, however, it is clear to almost everybody that the Information Society offers to us very many opportunities
inthe era of quick technological development.
A successful development of Information Society is possible only at the condition that all its components are
developed uniformly and simultaneously.
According to the European Commission’s (EC) programme eEurope2020 and theDigital Agenda for Europe the
general objectives for the development of society are:
x developing an economy which based on knowledge and innovation
x delivering sustainable economic and social benefitsfrom a digital single market which is based on fast and
ultra-fast internet and interoperable applications
In order to achieve these general objectives the following measures should be undertaken
x Opening up access to content
x Making online and cross border transactions straightforward
x Building digital confidence
x Reinforcing the single market for telecommunications services
x Enhancing interoperability through coordination
x Trust and security
x Guarantee universal broadband coverage with increasing speeds
x Open and neutral internet
x Enhancing digital literacy, skills and inclusion
x Sustainable healthcare and ICT-based support for dignified and independent living
x eGovernment services
2. Provision of broadband Internet
In order to achieve objectives set in the Digital Agenda for Europe one of the basic conditions is the availability
of the broadband Internet. Latviain this area in recent years has madea significant progress.
In Fig. 1 the dynamics of development of broad band Internet in Latvia is shown.
Fig. 1 Households with broadband access(% of households)
Source: Eurostat
Despite the quick development of broadband Internet withregard to its availability Latvia is not in the leading
positions in Europe. Its availability in Latvia is a little bit below the average EU27 level (Fig. 2)
684 Mara Gulbe / Procedia Economics and Finance 26 ( 2015 ) 682 – 687
Fig. 2 Households with broadband access(% of households), 2014
Source: Eurostat
When the availability of broadband Internet is compared to the availabilityof internet at all in Latvia, the
situation is a little bit worse. It is seen in Fig.3.
Fig. 3 Internet access at home, 2014
Source: Eurostat
685 Mara Gulbe / Procedia Economics and Finance 26 ( 2015 ) 682 – 687
However, if we compare the velocity of increase of Internet availability and usage during the last decade it is seen
that this velocity in Latvia, in other Baltic States as well in more developed European countries is approximately
equal.
Fig. 4 Internet access at home
Source: Eurostat
3. eGovernment services
The availability of Internet connection is an important indicator to use of eServices. One parameter which
characterises the level of development of Information Society is the digital communication of citizens with state
institutions. In this regard in Latvia in the last decade the quick development is observable. In Fig. 5 the comparison
of the two last years with regard to communication of Latvian citizens with the state and municipal institutions is
shown
Fig. 5 Individuals using the internet for interaction with public authorities by interaction types
Source: CSB of Latvia
686 Mara Gulbe / Procedia Economics and Finance 26 ( 2015 ) 682 – 687
The significant increase of amount of citizens which uses the Internet in order to communicate with state and
municipal institutions is seen. Almost two times decreases the amount of citizens which don’t use the digital
communication possibilities at all. In the process of digital communication an important role plays the network of
public libraries in Latvia. These libraries provide a free of charge use of computers and Internet for citizens. In Fig.
6 it is seenthat in this area (usage offree of charge Internet in public libraries) Latvian level 57% is above the EU
average level which 47%.
Fig. 6 Individuals using the internet for interaction with public authorities, 2014
Source: Eurostat
4. ICT industry
In order to achieve the objectives and services described above a significant role plays the development of ICT
industry. In Latvia the ICT industry has an important role in the development of national economy. In the year 2014
the part of ICT industry in GDP was 4.06 %. In the last years asit is seen from Fig. 7 this part has no increase but is
stable and is about 4 %.
Fig. 7 Percentage of the ICT sector on GDP
Source: CSB of Latvia
687 Mara Gulbe / Procedia Economics and Finance 26 ( 2015 ) 682 – 687
When compared with other European countries it isseen that Latvia with regard the part of ICT industry in GDP
cannot be highlighted among other European countries. However, the Latvian level can be considered as being good.
It is seen that for majority of European countries the partof ICT industry in GDP is in limits between 3% and 5%.
Fig. 8 Percentage of the ICT sector on GDP, 2010
Source: Eurostat
5. Conclusions
When compared with other European countries the conclusioncan be drawn that the indicators of development of
Information Society and ICT industry in Latvia are not the highest, however, the dynamics of these indicators show
an increasing tendency. This means that Latvian society and ICT industry are on the right way and this way should
be continued. With regard to dynamics of increase ofindicators characterising the development Information Society
and ICT industry Latvian level is comparable with other European countries
Terjemahan jurnal 1 :
Karakteristik Kuantitatif
Masyarakat Informasi dan industri
ICT (Information, Communication, Technology) di Latvia
mara Gulbe
mara Gulbe
Abstrak
Artikel ini dikhususkan untuk analisis statistik teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (ICT) industri di Latvia dan pengembangan Masyarakat Informasi di negara ini. Atas dasar perbandingan data statistik dari Latvia dengan lainnya Eropa negara dibuat. Perbandingan ini menunjukkan bahwa Latvia adalah milik negara dan internet nya berkembang dengan sangat baik. Di samping itu titik data statistik pada kenyataannya sangat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran penduduk mengenai kemungkinan yang ditawarkan dari penggunaan ICT dan e-Government.
Artikel ini dikhususkan untuk analisis statistik teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (ICT) industri di Latvia dan pengembangan Masyarakat Informasi di negara ini. Atas dasar perbandingan data statistik dari Latvia dengan lainnya Eropa negara dibuat. Perbandingan ini menunjukkan bahwa Latvia adalah milik negara dan internet nya berkembang dengan sangat baik. Di samping itu titik data statistik pada kenyataannya sangat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran penduduk mengenai kemungkinan yang ditawarkan dari penggunaan ICT dan e-Government.
1.
Perkenalan
Perkembangan
masyarakat Informasi berkaitan erat dengan kemajuan dalam pengembangan industri ICT. Evolusi sukses
industri ICT merupakan
salah satu prasyarat dari perkembangan masyarakat Informasi maupun bagian
konstituen signifikan. Statistik merupakan elemen penting dalam menggambarkan setiap sektor ekonomi. Hal ini membantu untuk menentukan tingkat pembangunan di negeri ini dan peringkat
negara diantara yang lainnya. Sektor ICT di Latvia
telah berkembang sangat pesat selama dekade terakhir, dan ini menjelaskan minat yang besar dalam indikator karakteristik perkembangan ini. Sebuah elemen kunci dalam sektor ICT adalah telekomunikasi
sub-sektor. Sepuluh
tahun yang lalu, ketika konsep Masyarakat
Informasi di Latvia dimulai, sebagian besar masyarakat dianggap hal
ini sebagai teori mistis.
Saat ini,
bagaimanapun juga, jelas untuk hampir semua orang bahwa Masyarakat Informasi menawarkan kepada kita banyak kesempatan di era perkembangan teknologi yang cepat. Sebuah keberhasilan
pengembangan Informasi masyarakat
mungkin hanya pada kondisi agar semua komponennya dikembangkan
secara merata dan secara bersamaan.
Menurut
Program (EC) Komisi
Eropa Eropa 2020
dan Agenda Digital Eropa tujuan umum untuk
pengembangan masyarakat adalah:
·
Mengembangkan
ekonomi yang didasarkan
pada pengetahuan dan inovasi.
·
Memberikan
manfaat ekonomi dan sosial yang
berkelanjutan dari pasar tunggal
digital yang didasarkan pada cepat dan yang sangat cepat internet dan aplikasi dapat
dioperasikan
Dalam rangka
mencapai tujuan-tujuan umum langkah-langkah berikut harus dilakukan:
·
Membuka
akses ke konten
·
Membuat
transaksi perbatasan secara online dan lintas
langsung
·
Membangun
keyakinan digital
·
Memperkuat
pasar tunggal untuk layanan telekomunikasi
·
Meningkatkan
interoperabilitas melalui koordinasi
·
Kepercayaan dan
keamanan
·
Jaminan
cakupan broadband universal dengan kecepatan meningkat
·
Terbuka
dan netral internet
·
Memperkuat
literasi digital, keterampilan dan inklusi
·
Kesehatan
yang berkelanjutan dan dukungan berbasis ICT untuk
hidup terhormat dan mandiri
·
Jasa
e-Government
2.
Penyediaan Internet broadband
Dalam
rangka mencapai tujuan yang ditetapkan
dalam Agenda Digital
Eropa salah satu kondisi dasar adalah ketersediaan Internet broadband. Pada
daerah ini dalam beberapa tahun terakhir memiliki kemajuan yang signifikan.
Meskipun
perkembangan yang cepat dari Internet broadband
berkaitan dengan ketersediaan Latvia tidak dalam
posisi terkemuka di Eropa. Ketersediaannya di
Latvia sedikit di bawah rata-rata.
Ketika
ketersediaan internet broadband dibandingkan dengan ketersediaan internet sama sekali di
Latvia, yang situasi ini sedikit lebih buruk. Namun, jika kita membandingkan kecepatan peningkatan ketersediaan
dan penggunaan internet selama
dekade terakhir terlihat bahwa kecepatan
ini di Latvia, di
lain Negara Baltik serta di negara-negara
Eropa lebih maju kira-kira sama.
3.
Layanan e-Government
Ketersediaan
koneksi internet merupakan indikator
penting untuk menggunakan dari
eServices. Satu parameter yang mencirikan tingkat perkembangan Masyarakat Informasi adalah komunikasi digital
warga dengan negara
lembaga. Dalam hal ini di Latvia dalam dekade
terakhir perkembangan dapat
diamati.
4.
Industri
ICT
Dalam
rangka mencapai tujuan dan layanan telah dijelaskan di atas peran penting memainkan perkembangan industri ICT. Di Latvia industri ICT
memiliki peran penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi nasional.
5.
Kesimpulan
Bila dibandingkan dengan negara-negara Eropa lainnya dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa indikator pembangunan masyarakat Informasi dan industri ICT di Latvia bukan yang tertinggi, bagaimanapun juga, dinamika indikator ini menunjukkan kecenderungan yang meningkat. Hal ini berarti bahwa masyarakat Latvia dan industri ICT berada di jalan yang benar dan cara ini harus dilanjutkan. Berkenaan dengan dinamika peningkatan ofindicators karakteristik pengembangan Masyarakat Informasi dan tingkat Latvia industri ICT sebanding dengan negara-negara Eropa lainnya.
Bila dibandingkan dengan negara-negara Eropa lainnya dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa indikator pembangunan masyarakat Informasi dan industri ICT di Latvia bukan yang tertinggi, bagaimanapun juga, dinamika indikator ini menunjukkan kecenderungan yang meningkat. Hal ini berarti bahwa masyarakat Latvia dan industri ICT berada di jalan yang benar dan cara ini harus dilanjutkan. Berkenaan dengan dinamika peningkatan ofindicators karakteristik pengembangan Masyarakat Informasi dan tingkat Latvia industri ICT sebanding dengan negara-negara Eropa lainnya.
ANALISIS
JURNAL
Jurnal
ini menjelaskan tentang perkembangan pembelajaran dan penerapan teknologi di
Latvia. Dimana pemanfaatan teknologi sangatlah berdampak pada perkembangan
daerah. Selain itu hal ini mempunyai tujuan umum menurut
Program (EC) Komisi
Eropa Eropa 2020
dan Agenda Digital yaitu,
pengembangan ekonomi yang didasarkan pada pengetahuan dan inovasi, Memberikan
manfaat ekonomi dan sosial yang
berkelanjutan dari pasar tunggal
digital yang didasarkan pada cepat dan yang sangat cepat internet dan aplikasi dapat
dioperasikan
Untuk mencapai
tujuan itu ada 11 poin yang harus di lakukan :
·
Membuka
akses ke konten
·
Membuat
transaksi perbatasan secara online dan lintas
langsung
·
Membangun
keyakinan digital
·
Memperkuat
pasar tunggal untuk layanan telekomunikasi
·
Meningkatkan
interoperabilitas melalui koordinasi
·
Kepercayaan dan
keamanan
·
Jaminan
cakupan broadband universal dengan kecepatan meningkat
·
Terbuka
dan netral internet
·
Memperkuat
literasi digital, keterampilan dan inklusi
·
Kesehatan
yang berkelanjutan dan dukungan berbasis ICT untuk
hidup terhormat dan mandiri
·
Jasa e-Government
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